美国文学期末论文：从精神分析法解读《好人难寻》中的主要人物

美国文学期末论文
( 2012届 )

题 目：从精神分析法解读《好人难寻》中的主要人物
学 院： 外 国 语 学 院
专 业： 英 语
学生姓名： 王 术 学号： 08090610
指导教师： 江玉娇 职称： 教授
完成时间： 2011 年 12 月
成 绩：

美国文学期末论文正文
目 录
Abstract. 3
摘要 3
1. Introduction 4
2. Id------the Misfit 4
2.1 The e*planation of the id 4
2.2 Psychological analysis of the Misfit 4
3. Ego------the Grandmother 5
3.1 The e*planation of the ego 5
3.2 Psychological analysis of the grandmother 5
4. Superego------Bailey and Jesus..........................
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教主题的深刻见解在美国文学界占据一席之地。通过仔细分析其作品中的人物，不难发现其中的主人公大多精神异常。本文以其短篇小说《好人难寻》为例，运用弗洛伊德的人格结构理论，从精神分析法角度解读主要人物性格，其在故事情节发展中所体现出的本我﹑自我和超我之间的冲突以及造成这种人格结构失衡的原因，试图从一个全新的视角揭示其作品的主题意义。
关键词: 精神分析法，弗洛伊德，本我，自我，超我



Psychological Criticism of A Good Man is Hard to Find
FLC 2008（06）（English）Wang Shu
Tutor: Jiang Yujiao
1. Introduction
A Good Man is Hard to Find is a famous work by Flannery O’Conner. In the story, the American Southern family of si* are killed by a gang during their trip to Florida. The story is simple but an ordinary case of murder. Indeed, it implies a profound theme which arouses the attention of many scholars. However, most of the scholars analyze it in a religious way, while others e*plore its grotesque style and symbolism. Some focus on the indifference and selfishness among family members. Few of them probe into the psyche of the main characters in psychological terms. In fact, the protagonists in Flannery O’Conner are almost social abnormal people with distorted minds. The characters in A Good Man is Hard to Find are no e*ception. They are struggling between the id, the ego and the superego. To interpret it by practicing psychological criticism will further our understanding of the work.
2. Id------the Misfit
2.1 The e*planation of the id
There are three parts of the psychic apparatus defined in Sigmund Freuds structural model of the psyche, namely the id, the ego and the superego. In this model of the psyche, "the id is the set of uncoordinated instinctual trends; the ego is the organized, realistic part; and the superego plays the critical and moralizing role"(. The id acts according to the "pleasure principle", the ego to the "reality principle", while superego aims for perfection. The three parts are closely connected, once they are off balance and in conflict, a person will not be his usual self.
The id is responsible for our basic drives. It contains the life instincts and the death instincts. The former are crucial to pleasurable survival, while the latter seems to e*press itself as an instinct of destruction directed against the e*ternal world. Freud considered that "the id, the whole person...originally includes all the instinctual impulses...the destructive instinct as well "(138).
2.2 The psychological analysis of the Misfit
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