毕业论文：A Descriptive Study of the English Subtitle Translation of the Film Chibi

毕 业 设 计（论 文）
课题名称 A Descriptive Study of the English Subtitle Translation of the Film Chibi

系 部 外语系
专 业 英语（汽车贸易）


内容摘要
电影作为一种日益流行的大众文化形式,是对外进行文化传播的有效渠道,电影字幕翻译则在传播中扮演着重要的角色。在跨文化交际中,英文电影的字幕对白与译文之间存在偏差,两种语言、两种文化之间的差异注定了字幕对白原义与译文之间的偏差,因为不同的文化背景会导致部分意义的缺失。电影《赤壁》根植于中国传统文化和古典文学的背景之下，其字幕的翻译必然涉及到语言、文化翻译的各个方面。本课题以描述性研究作为研究方法，以《赤壁》字幕作为研究对象，探讨译者在翻译中所采用的翻译策略。

关键词：《赤壁》 字幕翻译 描述性研究


ABSTRACT
As an increasingly popular form of the mass culture, film is an effective channel in international cultural communication, and subtitle translation of movies plays an important role in cultural communication. In cross-cultural communication, there is a deviation between original subtitles and subtitle translations in English movies. The distinctions in two languages or two cultures are bound to be generated between original subtitles and subtitle translations in that different cultural background will lead to lack of part of the meaning. The film Chibi is rooted in the set of Chinese traditional culture and classical literature, so that all aspects of language and cultural translation will inevitably be involved in subtitle translation of Chibi. This thesis uses Descriptive Study as a tool, treats the subtiles of the film Chibi as an object, to research the translation strategies used in the process of subtitle translation.
Key Word: Chibi Subtitle Translation Descriptive Study


















ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper would not appear in its present form without the enlightening instructions and assistance of many teachers during my four-year study.
I am grateful to all my professors, who broadened my horizon of translation studies in various ways and impressed me deeply with their achievements and their morality, which will set up a high standard for me in the rest of my life. Th
……（新文秘网https://www.wm114.cn省略2920字，正式会员可完整阅读）……　
After the world entered the 21st century, various programs have been introduced into China, and film translation has begun to be applied widely. As a result, film translation is drawing more and more attention from domestic translation scholars. For e*ample, Qian Shaochang (钱绍昌, 2000: 61-65) calls on the translators to pay much more attention to film translation. He analyzes the differences between film language and written language and describes five characteristics of the former. Zhang Chunbai (张春柏, 1998: 50-53) holds that, with the characteristics of immediacy and popularity, film translation should be TL audiences between film translation and other kinds of literary translation, such as the constraints of the word amount, the emotion and lip-rounding of the speech, etc. Li Yun*ing (李运兴, 2001: 28-40) in his discussion of strategies for translating subtitles conducts the analysis of translating culture-specific words from Chinese to English. He holds that the primary requirement information in the most efficient way. He also analyzes the features of subtitling in terms of time-space constraints, informative function and cultural factors and then puts forward corresponding strategies for translation with concrete e*amples for illustration. (颜丽, 2009: 1)

1.2 Studies of Subtitle Translation of the film Chibi abroad

Descriptive Translation Study was originated from the 1950s. In 1953, John Macfarlance published his paper The Mode of Translation in Durham University Journal. Mac pointed that a trend of over-pursuing "e*act" literal translation has come into translation field, this kind of translation ignored the conte*t. Actually different theorists have different thoughts, while the significance of translation is the key to be thought about. Mac pointed out further that if meaning is so comple* and tangible, we could not make "accurate" translation, and in order to better understand the essence of translation, why not abandon the rigescent equivalence pattern, and adopt a diagnostic descriptive method, so that we can record and analyze the comple* translation activities? Therefore, he provoked the emergence of the Skopos Theory, Nida Functional Equivalence Theory and Descriptive Translation Schools in the late 1970s.

1.3 Studies of Subtitle Translation of the film Chibi at Home

In China，many authors have carried out studies of subtitle translation of the film Chibi, and they have achieved a lot such as: Study on the Subtitle Translation of Chibi from Perspective of Skopos-theory to See Cultural Defaults and Translation Compensations (颜丽, 2009), Speech on the Strategy of Chinese Culture in English Subtitles of the Film Chibi (陈亚明, 2008), An Analysis on the Strategy of English Subtitle Translations of the Film Chibi (黄丽萍, 2008). Etc.

1.4 The Structure of the Thesis

The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter One mainly states the research background, the studies abroad and at home, the thesis structure. Chapter Two gives an introduction of subtitle translating and descriptive translation studies, including the definition, categorizations, and functions of subtile translating, the technical constraints of subtitle translation (i.e. four channels and four changes in film subtitling), the definition and characteristics of Descriptive Translation Study, especially show the distinctions of Prescriptive Translation and Descriptive Translation. Chapter Three is the body of the thesis, which makes an analysis of subtitle translation of the film Chibi from the perspective of Descriptive Translation Study. After giving a brief introduction to the subtitle translation, the author makes a study on the cultural default in Chibi and the methods used in its translation compensation. Meanwhile, the author lists the misunderstanding of its subtitle translation, and makes comments on its subtitle translation. Based on the analysis in Chapter Three, Chapter Four, the concluding part, draws the conclusion that subtitle translating as an object, is carried on natural analysis under spontaneous circumstances.And when dealing with cultural default, the subtitler must adopt appropriate methods to compensate for the defaulted cultural information. In the process, the methods adopted by the subtitler will sometimes break the interte*tual coherence in order to fulfill the understanding of Target Language audiences.

2.Introduction to Subtitle Translating and Descriptive Translation Studies
插入几句话简要说明本章节的主要内容，过度一下
2.1 Introduction to Subtitle Translating
插入几句过度 性话语

2.1.1 Definition of Subtitle Translating

In Dictionary of Translation Studies, Shuttleworth and Cowie describe subtitling as "the process of providing synchronized captions for film and television dialogue" (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004: 161). Henrik Gottlieb, a leading authority on subtitling, says that it is a unique form of translation. His definition is: subtitling is a (1) written, (2) additive, (3) immediate, (4) synchronous and (5) poly-media translation.
1. Being of a written -- as opposed to a spoken-nature, subtitling differs from all other types of screen translation.
2. The label additive indicated that in subtitling, verbal material is added to the original, maintaining the SL discourse.
3. The label immediate refers to the fact that in filmic media all discourse is presented in a flowing manner, beyond the control of the listener-viewer-reader.
4. The label synchronous refers to the fact that the original film (at least its non-verbal part) and the translated dialog are presented simultaneously -- unlike simultaneous interpreting.
5. The term polymedia states the fact that at least two parallel channels are used to convey the total message of the original (Gottlieb, 1992: 162).

2.1.1.1 Categorizations of subtitles

Subtitles can be categorized into three types according to their positions in the film. Those appearing at the beginning of the film include the film title, director, leading actor(s) or actor(ess), major production members, and thay are called open credit titles; those appearing after the main feature film include detailed cast and production members, sponsors and many other production information are usually called "end credit titles"; the rest of subtitles cover the main feature film and they are called the main subtitles, ……（未完，全文共45598字，当前仅显示8201字，请阅读下面提示信息。收藏《毕业论文：A Descriptive Study of the English Subtitle Translation of the Film Chibi》）