论文:偏微分方程在弦振动问题中的应用
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中文摘要
偏微分方程是反映有关未知变量关于时间和空间变量导数之间制约关系的等式,在物理学等领域应用广泛。弦振动是一种机械运动,但是弦并不是质点,质点力学定律并不适用在弦振动的研究上,可以用弦振动方程来表示。弦振动方程实际上是一个典型的偏微分方程模型,建立过程相当复杂,主导思想是抓住主要因素,忽略次要因素。为了得到弦振动问题的唯一解,必须在弦的两端给出边界条件,也就是考虑研究对象所处边界上的物理状况。
本文针对弦振动的边值问题,研究了弦振动问题在实际中的一些应用:首先我们对弦振动问题进行适当的假设,分别导出了弦不受外力作用时的弦振动方程和弦受N#I-力作用下的弦的强迫横振动方程,应用分离变量法研究弦振动方程在不同条件下定解问题的存在性,然后研
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itsdeducedprocessisfairly complicated,thusthe dominantfactors must be considered and thesecondaryfactorsmaybe ignored.Theboundaryconditions must beknown,namelyconsideringitsPh3,sicalconditions of the rescarchobject toobtain theuniquesolutionofstringvibration.Severalactualapplicationsofstringvibration forboundaryvalueproblemwerestudied in thispaper.Atfirst,stringvibrationequationwithout outside force andstringtransverse vibrationequationwith outsideforce wererespectivelydeduced,basedonsuitableassumptionofstringvibration.Method ofseparationof variables Was used tostudythe e*istence of theproblemoffi*ingsolution ofstringvibrationequationunderdifferent conditions.Afterwardsignificance of thecorresponding problemoffi*ingsolution Was studied and itsapplication equationsinrodvibration,etcwere deduced.Secondly,cabletensionofcable—stayed bridgeWas studiedat thepointofbasictheoryofstringvibration and theequationbetweennaturalfrequencyof cable vibration and cabletension was obtainedthroughcalculatingthestringvibrationequation.Understandingandcontrollingits tension hasimportant engineering significance toinsure run-timesafetyofcable-stayed bridge(estimationofloadingchargeandrunning condition)andcablecal"(tension controlling),etc.Finally,problemofcop applicationWas alsoanalyzedand discussed.Key words:String vibration;Partial differentia equation;method ofseparationofvariables;Cable tension;problem offi*ingsolution;naturalfrequency;windingballoon1
引言
1.1
偏微分方程概述
偏微分方程是反映有关未知变量关于时问和空间变量导数之间制约关系的等式。微积分方程这门学科产生于十八世纪,欧拉在他的著作中最早提出了弦振动的二阶方程,随后不久,法国数学家达朗贝尔也在《论动力学》中提出了特殊 ……(未完,全文共4062字,当前仅显示2051字,请阅读下面提示信息。
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